The first sign of melanoma often is a change in the size, shape, or color of an existing mole. It also may appear as a new, abnormal or "ugly-looking" mole. The following "ABCD" rule can help you remember what to watch for:
- Asymmetry: The shape of one half does not match the other.
- Border: The edges are ragged, notched or blurred.
- Color: The color is uneven. Shades of black, brown and tan may be present. Areas of white, grey, red or blue also may be seen.
- Diameter: There is a change in size.
Some melanomas do not fit the ABCD rule, so it is very important to be aware of any changes in skin lesions.
When melanoma develops in an existing mole, the texture of the mole may change-- it may become hard, lumpy or scaly. Although a melanoma may feel different and may itch, ooze or bleed, it usually does not cause pain.
To further aid in early recognition of any new lesions, periodic self-examinations may be helpful. Such exams should be performed in front of a full-length mirror in a brightly lit room as follows:
1. Examine body front and back in mirror, then right and left sides, with arms raised.
2. Bend elbows and look carefully at forearms, back of upper arms and palms.
3. Next, look at backs of legs and feet, spaces between toes and soles.
4. Part hair to lift and examine back of neck and scalp with a hand mirror.
5. Finally, check back and buttocks with a hand mirror.
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